Run Down On Turbo Parts And Their Function

Run Down On Turbo Parts And Their Function

Turbo

There are many turbos to chose from, where we are not running huge 6 cylinder engines such as skylines or supras we cannot run huge turbos. We must choose our turbo with out engine in consideration, If the engine cannot spool the turbo quick enough and you will have turbo lag.

Turbo lag is the space of time between putting your foot down an the turbo charging up an creating power.

There are many turbos to choose from, I personally run a externally waste gated T3. Some other choices for Civics are T25, T28, T25/8 hybrid 15g, 19T, Gt28R, Gt28RS, GT30,T3/T04E (Many different trims, super 60 is popular)and many more.

Turbo Manifold

AS many turbos as there are for you to choose from there are even more manifold, with many different designs and each have their pros and cons. Each flange will be different and will be designed for a specific turbo, although adapters can be bought they are not cheap and they are hard to get your hands on.

There are many designs such as log, equal, Cast, Tubular, Ram and many more. As said each have their advantages such as Log manifolds usually spool turbos quicker but are restrictive on power up top. Tubular or equal length manifolds usually take a little longer to spool the turbo but breath a lot easier in the higher RPMs.

Another thing to take into consideration when buying your turbo manifold is if you want to retain your air con and power steering, some turbo manifolds will not allow you to keep these so choose wisely.

Downpipe and exhaust system

The downpipe will leave the hot side of the turbo and carry the gases out via the exhaust system, you will most probably have to get this custom made for you, no downpipes are the same so please bear this in mind when building your turbo set up.

I personally run a 3" downpipe which then goes into a 3" janspeed exhaust system. Many people will tell you the bigger the better but some people will disagree wit this. You want to get the gases out of the system as quick as possible whilst still retaining a decent level of back pressure. I feel i have done this with my 3" system

Please read here for further info http://www.civiclife...ead.php?t=45438

Oil Feed And Return

These again are a very important factor of the turbo set up. Your oil feed you can take from a sandwich plate, you will then have to fit a reducer/restrictor because if to much pressure is put into the turbo you will blow the seals which is not good news!

Your return line will be returned to the engine via the sump. It is best to have a tap welded into the sump rather then trying to tap a return into the plug. A return line should be thought out well. The only force which is returning the oil into the engine is gravity, due to this you want to avoid any loops, bends, bows or sweeps in the return line, if oil is not return into the sump and its left to build up in the turbo this will be the recipe for bad things.

Intercoolers

There are thousands of intercoolers for us to choose from, but in this case bigger is not always better! The intercooler is part of the cooling system, As you drive air passes over the fins of the intercooler and helps cool the charge of the pressurized air inside of the intercooler core. The bigger the intercooler the more time it takes for the pressurized air to fill and continue on its way to the throttle body. If your cooler is to big it will take longer for the system to fill and cool your engine.

BOV/Dump Valve/Blow Off Valve

BOV, Dump Valves and Blow Of Valves are all the same thing and they are very distinctive due to their noise. They are quite self explanatory, they Dump the pressure out of the charge pipes. This is because When you hit the gas and the motor is sucking in air and creating boost there is a pressurized system of air going through the charge pipes. When you let off the throttle that pressurized air has no where to go except back through the fins of the turbo. This can cause what is called compressor surge and can damage a turbo. A blow off valve is connected to a vacuum source. When you close the throttle body it allows the diaphragm or piston to retract and let that pressurized air vent to either the atmosphere or back into the system.

It is best for the BOV to be located as close to the TB as possible

Engine Management

This is the most vital part of the build. A poor map on poor management is what will decide if your motor is a reliable turbo build or waiting time bomb. There are many ones to choose from and here is a little run down on what you can use

Standalone-This is a computer system that has many options. You have full control over all aspects of car. There are no real downfalls to this system except you will need someone who knows how to tune it. Many known systems are Neptune, Hondata, Crome, Uberdata, AEM, etc.

Piggy back- Programs such as Greddys Emanage which use the stock fuel maps and alter them slightly. With this system there is not as much freedom as with a standalone.

AFC (Air Flow Converter)-These have the ability to add or subtract more fuel. The main downfall of this unit is you have no control over the timing. (Main units are APEXI VAFC [VTEC] or SAFC)

Injectors

The injectors which are already in your engine will not be up to the task of handing what you are throwing at it. There are many injectors which you can choose from, i you are going sub 250bhp then you can use 440 or 450 injectors.

Here is a list of injectors which you can use. http://www.civiclife...ead.php?t=34280

Boost Controllers- A boost controllers main job is to hold pressure between the vacuum line and the wastegate. Instead of the wastegate spring seeing 9psi. You can set the boost controller to open up at 15psi. When it opens up it allows that 15psi to open the wastegate and vent the air. Basically tricks the wastegate and doesnt allow it to see the actual pressure. There are two main types of boost controllers:

Manuel Boost Controllers (MBC) - These are mechanical devices that you physically turn to up or lower the boost. They are relatively cheap but have a greater chance of boost spikes.

Electronic Boost Controller (EBC) - These units usually use a solenoid to trigger the wastegate to open or close. These are much more accurate and hold the wastegate closed longer than a MBC (solenoid vs. spring)

Turbo Based F.A.Q's

Q - Can i run stanard internals on my turbo?

A - Yes you can, read here for further info http://www.civiclife...ead.php?t=45421

Q - Is a turbo engine reliable?

A - Yes a correctly set up, well built and maintained Turbo engne will be just as reliable as your N/A. The main thing you need is a good tune. There are rare cases where a good tune can result in blowing something up but it is a rare case. There are quite a few people on this site that have had their motors hammered on daily for years and no problems. Remember it is all in the tune!

Q - What is the right set up for my engine?

A - This question is very broad it will bdifferentnt for every engine and your goals which you hope to hit and how you want to run your car, track? daily driver? drag? each set up will be diffrent. You will have to research and look up what setups are being run, their application and so on.

So there we go, a good few hours of writing there and i hope this helps some of you out. Things can get much more in depth and detailed, forged internals, vitaras, custom length rods and so on but this is all information i am still researching.

There are many many members on here with a great deal more knowlage than me and i am sure they will hae some thing to say. WHen they do i will rectify any mistakes i have made.

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